Farzaneh Mohammadzadeh Rostami - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Bahram Nasr Esfahani - Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Saman Shalibeik - Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

Introduction: Cancer belongs to the main reasons of morbidity and mortality in the world. Lung, liver, colorectal, stomach and breast cancers were the most common causes of death. Bacteriocins are bacterially-produced antimicrobial peptides that have killing activity principally against other relatively closely-related bacteria. some reports have appeared about unanticipated extensions to the generally rather narrow anti-bacterial activity spectrum of some of the LAB bacteriocins and novel applications have been proposed for bacteriocins ranging from controlling the growth of an increasingly-heterogeneous variety of pathogens, including gram-negative multidrug resistant bacteria, viruses, yeasts, and in particular, difficult to control Mycobacterium spp.Description: A systematic search was performed to identify studies which met our inclusion criteria in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases to the end of December 2019. The estimated economic impact of microbial resistance will be massive, costing nearly 100 trillion US dollars while leading to sharp decreases in the gross domestic product. Microbial resistance against conventional antibiotic agents is a serious hazard to the effective treatment of numerous diseases. Antimicrobial peptides are considered promising alternatives to current antibiotics and have the potential to replace certain antibiotics or to be used synergistically in combination with existing antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as antibiotic adjuvant therapy. One of the most intriguing new fields of investigation is the study of bacteriocins as potential anti-cancer agents. Bacteriocins are able to selectively act against cancer cells, most likely due to the distinctive differences in the membranes.Discussion and conclusion: Although Bacteriocins were previously thought to inhibit the growth of only closely related strains or species, but in the recent past they were reported with broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. In addition, they exhibit selective activity against distantly related bacteria and inhibited the growth of various cancerous cell lines. Recent research indicates that gram positive Bacteria AMPs having anticancer activities against various cancer cell lines.