Sahar Gharanfoli

COVID-19 is one of the most recent pandemics around the world that has had various complications. Most of the complications of this disease have been observed in high-risk groups including pregnant women such that it can cause preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Pregnant women are more at risk due to weak immune systems. They have lower respiratory capacity due to high levels of Estrogen and Progesterone. These hormonal changes in pregnancy cause intolerance to hypoxia. These factors make pregnant women more vulnerable to pandemics.Aims to research Due to the prevalence of coronavirus, it is vital to prevent and control this disease in pregnant women. Past pandemics such as SARS and MERS have reported spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth. This study seeks to answer questions such as are there a risk of disease transmission to the embryo?Materials and Methods This systematic review study, conducted based on collecting data from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases from 1 January to 31 December 2020. A search was made to find the effects of COVID-19 on neonatal.Results In this study, 13 articles were selected from a total of 115 articles in 2020 that were assessed for changes clinical features. No neonatal death or vertical transmission have been reported in any of the studies. In two studies a preterm, in 2 study 6 preterm births, in 8 studies no cases were found and in one study there were 4 preterm births.Conclusions vertical transmission of disease from mother to embryo was not observed, which might due to the low expression of angiotensin 2 receptor in the placenta and its antimicrobial activity.

COVID-19; Pregnant women; SARS