Atefeh Araghi - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
Ahmad Nazaktabar - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
fariba masumi - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
Mohammad Soleimani Lashkenari - Faculty of Engineering Technologies,Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
Hannaneh Golshahi - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran
Mohsen Ghorbani - Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran

Evaluation of the potential cytotoxicity ofpolyrhodanine nanoparticles is animportant factor for its antimicrobial or antiviral uses. In the current study, the effect of polyrhodanine nanoparticles on developmental procedurewasevaluated by hitopathological and biochemical analysison chicken embryo model.Polyrhodanine nanoparticles were synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization method. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). SEM analysis showed that the average particle size of the polyrhodanine nanoparticles is about ۷۰ nm.Different doses of polyrhodanine nanoparticles were injected into the albumen in ۴-day-old embryonic eggs in four groups: (۰.۱ ppm, ۱ ppm, ۱۰ ppm and ۱۰۰ ppm), while the control group received only normal saline.The gross examination of chicks revealed no abnormality.No pathological changes were detected in microscopical examination of the liver, kidney, spleen, heart, bursa of Fabricius, and central nervous system (CNS) tissues. Blood serum biochemical indices showed nosignificant differences between control and treatment groups. Interestingly,polyrhodanine nanoparticles showed strong antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus (NDV)in ovo.These preliminary findings suggested that polyrhodanine nanoparticles might be utilized in controlling Newcastle disease in chickens,but its potential toxic side effects at molecular levels must be clarified in extensive research.

Polyrodanine; nanoparticles;chemical polymerization; toxicity; antiviral activity