هاشم اندیشه (ایران) - PhD Student in Department of Quran and Hadith, Osool-e ddin University, Qom, Iran
دکتر. محمد رضا پیوندی (ایران) - Assistant Professor in Department of History, Faculty of History and Islamic Civilization, Imam Sadiq Research Institute, Qom, Iran

The key word “Rafiḍi” in historical sources comes in the form of “Rafiḍia”, “Rafiḍian” and “Rafiḍis” and it is derived from the word “Rafiḍi” meaning to leave, and in the theological term of the opponents of the Imamiyya denomination, it is a title that refers to all Shia sects and sometimes to a specific group and sect of Shia and sometimes to those who express love for the family of the Prophet, is applied. In this research, which has been done by library method and review of documents, various sources of Shia and Sunni hadiths have been used and an attempt has been made to point out their role in Islamic history and civilization by explaining the concept of Rafiḍi. The importance of the discussion is especially evident from the fact that the Rafiḍi discussion has caused ambiguity among Muslims, so the main question of the article was where did the origin of this naming start and what period does it go back to? In order to answer this basic question and the subject that helps to clarify the ambiguities in this area, this article was conducted with a historical approach to expressing the problem and exploring the nature and explanation of the discussion to reach the basic question of the research.

Rafiḍia, Alavi, Shia