Mahsa Moghimi - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Siavash Parvardeh - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Taraneh Moini Zanjani - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shiva Ghafghazi - School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Objective(s): Cerebral ischemia is often associated with cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress has a crucial role in the memory deficit following ischemia/reperfusion injury. α-Terpineol is a monoterpenoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of α-terpineol against memory impairment following cerebral ischemia in rats. Materials and Methods: Cerebral ischemia was induced by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in male Wistar rats. The rats were allocated to sham, ischemia, and α-terpineol-treated groups. α-Terpineol was given at doses of ۵۰, ۱۰۰, and ۲۰۰ mg/kg, IP once daily for ۷ days post ischemia. Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess spatial memory and in vivo extracellular recording of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was carried out to evaluate synaptic plasticity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured to assess the extent of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus. Results: In MWM test, α-terpineol (۱۰۰ mg/kg, IP) significantly decreased the escape latency during training trials (P<۰.۰۱). In addition, α-terpineol increased the number of crossings over the platform location and decreased average proximity to the target in probe trial (P<۰.۰۵). In electrophysiological recording, α-terpineol (۱۰۰ mg/kg) facilitated the induction of LTP in the hippocampus which was persistent over ۲ hr. α-Terpineol (۱۰۰ and ۲۰۰ mg/kg) also significantly lowered hippocampal MDA levels in rats subjected to cerebral ischemia. Conclusion: These findings indicate that α-terpineol improves cerebral ischemia-related memory impairment in rats through the facilitation of LTP and suppression of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus.

α-Terpineol, Cerebral ischemia, Long-term potentiation, Memory, Oxidative stress, Rats