Mohsen Shirazi - Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Houman Alimoradi - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, P.O. Box ۹۱۳, Dunedin, New Zealand
Yasaman Kheirandish - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shahroo Etemad‐Moghadam - Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mojgan Alaeddini - Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alipasha Meysamie - Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Amir Reza Fatahi Meybodi - Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Ahmad Reza Dehpour - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Objective(s):Pantoprazole, is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prescribed for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal disorders, which in high doses has been suggested to decrease calcium absorption leading to hypocalcaemia and therefore osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to assess whether pantoprazol, could alter the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. Materials and Methods: A time course study was established using ۷۲ rats which were divided into six groups of ۱۲ samples each (four: vehicle; eight: pantoprazole + vehicle). Pantoprazole at a dose of ۲۰۰ mg/kg suspended in carboxymethyl cellulose (۰.۲۵ percent) was administered by a gastric tube. The upper incisors and first molars were ligated by a ۵ mm nickel-titanium closed-coil spring to deliver an initial force of ۶۰ g. Animals were euthanized two weeks after orthodontic treatment followed by assessment of tooth movement and histomorphometric evaluation of the detached maxillae. Lateral skull radiographs were obtained once a week, starting from the first day to the ۶th week of the study. OTM and bone density data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: No significant changes in OTM measurements and optical density were observed in vehicle-receiving animals during the study (P=۰.۹۹۴). OTM was significantly increased after six weeks pantoprazole therapy which continued until the ۷th week of the experiment (P=۰.۰۰۷). Optical density significantly increased in the pantoprazole-treated rats after six weeks. Conclusion: Long term PPI therapy at high doses could lead to osteoporosis and enhanced OTM.

Pantoprazole, Proton pump inhibitors, Radiography, Rats, Tooth movement