Hosein Akhlaghi - DVM Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Seyed Hesamodin Emadi Chashmi - Corresponding author:Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Ashkan Jebelli Javan - Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

Background: Helicobacter pullorum can infect the intestinal tracts of both humans and avian species. This study aimed to assess the frequency and antibiotic resistance of H. pullorum isolated from workers in the poultry slaughterhouses, farms, and markets as exposed population and healthy people who referred to the hospital as non-exposed population by culture method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Methods: Two hundred healthy individuals, including ۱۰۰ individuals from exposed population and ۱۰۰ from non-exposed population were selected in Semnan. Fresh stool samples were examined by conventional culture method and biochemical tests. PCR test with ۱۶S rRNA gene was employed to confirm the H. pullorum isolates. Antibiotic resistance test was done using the disk diffusion method and various antimicrobial agents. Results: Generally, ۱۷ (۱۷%) samples from exposed population and ۱۲ (۱۲%) samples from non-exposed population were H. pullorum positive by culture method and biochemical tests. However, PCR test could confirm ۱۰ (۱۰%) and ۷ (۷%) samples from exposed and non-exposed populations, respectively. Therefore, the frequency of H. pullorum was determined to be ۹.۵%. Antibiotic resistance test could reveal that most of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (۸۴.۲%), whereas resistance to colistin and fosfomycin was found to be ۱۵.۸%. Conclusion: The present study illustrated that H. pullorum can be present among healthy population with the low frequency rate. Moreover, it was indicated that the frequency of this food-borne pathogen is high in the exposed population. Therefore, there is a high demand for good observation for slaughter hygiene and implementation of routine surveillance in the poultry farms and markets.

Helicobacter pullorum, Frequency, Humans, Poultry, Polymerase chain reaction