Rachmat Hidayat - Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya.
Patricia Wulandari - Department of Biological Psychiatry, Cattleya Mental Health Center, Jl Sirnaraga No ۹۹ Kel ۸ Ilir, Palembang, ۳۰۶۶۲, Indonesia.

Background: Hyperglycemia and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a significant role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a plant with high flavonoid content with the potential to suppress oxidative stress activity in cells and tissue. This study was aimed to investigate the role of Andrographis paniculata extract (APE) in protecting kidney damage due to the formation of AGEs in the renal glomerulus in diabetic rats. Methods: A total of ۳۰ male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: normal control group, streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic group, STZ-induced diabetic group with AP extract (۱۰۰ mg/kg BW), STZ-induced diabetic rats with AP extract (۲۰۰ mg/kg BW), and STZinduced diabetic rats with APE (۴۰۰ mg/ kg BW). Blood glucose levels were measured before treatment and after treatment. Serum and urine parameters were determined. Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxide levels were determined in the kidney along with histopathological examination. Results: The finding of this study showed that treatment APE at the dose of ۲۰۰ mg/kg and ۴۰۰ mg/kg ameliorated kidney hypertrophy index. SOD, catalase, and GSH activities significantly decreased in the kidney of STZ-diabetic rats compared to the normal control rats. Treatment with APE significantly decreased malondialdehyde level at the dose of ۲۰۰ and ۴۰۰ mg/kg BW. Conclusions: This study revealed evidence for improving diabetic retinopathy in male rats treated with Andrographis paniculata extract. APE significantly decreased oxidative stress activities in kidney of diabetic rats.

Andrographis, Diabetic Nephropathies, Streptozocin, Rats, Oxidative Stress.