حسین سعدلونیا - دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
محمد حسن یزدانی - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
قاسم زارعی - دانشیار گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
رحیم حیدری چیانه - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

In this essay I present a new and empirically-testable strategy for completing quantum mechanics. In recent decades, urban design and architecture disciplines witnessed plenty of theories and school development. Primarily, those disciplines are inspired by philosophical perspectives. Thus, it is required to have a good deal of perception on the philosophical roots. Contextualism theory and approach is considered one of the most important controversial approaches in urban design and architecture. The present study intends to elaborate contextualism and explicate its difference with other similar philosophical ideas. Subsequently, it tends to explain the epistemological and philosophical foundations of contextualism in postmodernism and Gestalt school and subsequently to elucidate its position in the postmodern art and specifically in postmodern urban design and architecture. Contextualism is an idea based on the epistemology that the meaning perceived from an epistemological sentence would differ according to the epistemological standards. The idea has three distinct uses in philosophical views, primarily, the truth condition of the sentences is come to be assessed; in the second use, the language meaning is dependent on the context. The paper indicates the first and second uses of contextualism are mostly seen in urban design and architecture contextualism theory.

philosophy, Epistemology, contextualism, urban design, and architecture, Postmodernism