Mohammad Amin Shahrbaf - Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Kian Goudarzi - Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Kimia Karimi Taheri - Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hani Keshavarz Alikhani - Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Masoumeh Noori - Research and Development Department, Royan Stem Cell Technology Co, Tehran, Iran. Faculty of Sciences, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran

Novel therapeutic options such as adoptive immunotherapy have been progressed drastically for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is a kind of adoptive immunotherapy that has been associated with promising results in hematopoietic malignancies. However, its application is associated with some obstacles in solid tumors, including heterogeneity of tumor antigens, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and serious adverse complications. In recent years, some progress has been made in this regard, and several preclinical and phase I clinical trial studies have been conducted concerning the application of CAR T-cells in solid tumors. This study will review the possibilities of CAR T cell therapy in HCC, the most common primary liver cancer associated with high morbidities and mortality globally.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Immunotherapy, Adoptive Cell Therapy, Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells