Nahid Askari - Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
Mehdi Ranjbar - Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Ali Shafieipour - Graduated Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

۱) Background: Taxol facilitates nerve regeneration but it has unwanted side-effects via the tumor suppressive function of miR-۳۴a which induces XIST expression and affects paclitaxel administration. We aimed to examine the neuroprotective effect of Paclitaxel-loaded niosomes (PLNs) to enhance fertility by combining with the Belpharis Persica (B.P) extract in male Wistar rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). ۲) Methods: PLNs were prepared using the thin-film hydration method. After laminectomy at thoracic level (T۹/T۱۰) SCI was induced using the weight drop method. Rat treated with either PLNs (۲.۵mg/kg), PLNs (۲.۵mg/kg)+B.P extract (۳۰۰mg/kg-۱۴ days), B.P extract (۳۰۰mg/kg-۱۴ days), Normal, SCI (normal saline), and sham (laminectomy). ۳) Results: The transmission electron microscopy TEM and laser diffraction methods were confirmed the existence of spherical vesicles with feature sizes about ۲۰۰ nm. The various behavioral, pathological and molecular parameters (CATSPER gene expression) were distinguished. SCI resulted in a significant decrease (P<۰.۰۵) in sperm motility, behavioral skills, and CATSPER genes expression were all regenerated by treatment with combination therapy (PLNs+B.P extract) in comparison to the others. Besides, the increased in sperm motility, and CATSPER genes expression were significantly (P<۰.۰۵) demonstrated in PLNs and B.P treated groups. ۴) Conclusion: Taken together, the results indicated that the PLNs and B.P groups showed a significant increase in sperm parameters, but combination therapy caused the greater recovery of both gene expression and motor functions to decrease the neurological deficits no serious adverse reactions and enhanced fertility.

XIST expression, PLN, Blepharis Persica, Spinal Cord Injury, male infertility