Saeid Safari - Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran- USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of
Pourya Pezeshgi - Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ehsan Bastanhagh - Student Research Committee, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
Alireza Jahangirifard - Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Meisam Akhlaghdoust - Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran- USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of

Surgery and anesthetics may cause brain damage, and the resulting neurological defect can impair the patient's cognitive function. This disorder is one of the most common complications after surgery and causes disorders in several cognitive areas of the patient. The mechanism of this disorder is not fully understood, but neuronal inflammation is one of the main causes of this disorder. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate neuroprotective drug strategies for the treatment or prevention of surgical disorders associated with anesthesia. We searched the keywords "neuroprotective", "neuroprotection", "postoperative" and "perioperative" in the databases of the web of science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with a ۵-year time limit. At first, ۴۹۲ articles were obtained, and finally, after a detailed survey based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, ۳۱ studies were selected to extract data. Findings from studies show that medication and treatment strategies used in a group of mice and rats under surgery with treatment can improve Neuronal inflammation and brain damage compared to mice and rats with surgery only and reduce the side effects of surgery and anesthetics.

Perioperative Period, brain injury, Neuroprotection