Maliheh Kadivar - Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Children’s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Mohammad-Taghi Majnoon - Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics, Division of pediatric cardiology, Children&#۰۳۹;s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shirin Mohammadi - ۱. Associate professor, Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ۲. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children&a
Mahrokh Goldoost-Baghi - Bc of Nursing, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nasrin Bayati - Msc of Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing. Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Somayeh Emamgholi - Msc of Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing. Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Roghayeh Jamali - Bc of Nursing, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mamak Sahriat - Maternal & Child Health Specialist, Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Background: Echocardiography (ECHO) is a non-radiation real-time technique for evaluating Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) tips that could overcome the limitations of plain radiographs, including the static and single image and exposing neonates to radiation. This study compared the accuracy of ECHO and radiography for PICC tip positioning in neonates.  Methods: This cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Children's Medical Center in Tehran, Iran. Ultrasonography was used to visualize the end of the catheter in the vessels. After insertion of the catheter, a chest x-ray along with the ECHO was performed by a pediatric cardiologist blinded to the preliminary radiographic reports, and the results were compared and interpreted.Results: Forty infants with mean gestational ages of ۳۵.۴±۳.۳ weeks were enrolled in this study which was conducted during ۱۲ months, from ۲۰۱۹ to ۲۰۲۰. The radiography results confirmed the correct PICC location in ۲۹ infants (۷۲.۵%), which was simultaneously confirmed by ECHO in ۲۸ infants (۷۰.۰%). The ECHO results indicated inappropriate placement in ۱۲ infants (۳۰%), and radiographs indicated correct placement in ۱۱ infants (۲۷.۵%). This confirmed the higher accuracy of ECHO

Echocardiography,,, ,،neonate,,, ,،Peripherally inserted central catheter,,, ,،Radiography