Hadis Bahramian - Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Saeed Sherafatmanesh - Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Nasrin Asadi - Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ali Bakhshi - Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari - Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Maryam Ekramzadeh - Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lundquist Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous medical condition with a cluster of metabolic and endocrine disorders including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effects of single-dose and co-supplementation of vitamin D (vit D) and omega-۳ (O۳) on anthropometric and several biochemical factors in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, ۸۰ PCOS women referred to Shahid Motahhari Clinic, Shiraz, Iran, from April to October ۲۰۱۷ were studied in ۴ groups (n = ۲۰/each) for ۸ wk. The placebo group received the placebo capsule (paraffin oil); ۱ weekly and ۲/daily; the vit D group received vit D (۵۰,۰۰۰ IU/weekly) + ۲ placebo capsules daily, O۳ group,    ۲, O۳ capsules daily + ۱ placebo capsule weekly, and vit D + O۳ (۵۰۰۰۰ IU/weekly vit D + ۲, O۳ capsules daily). Before and after ۸ wk of intervention, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, homeostasis model of insulin resistance index, and sex hormone binding globulin were compared between groups. Results: The significant reduction was detected in serum triglyceride (p = ۰.۰۰۲), TC (p = ۰.۰۴), fasting blood sugar (p = ۰.۰۲), insulin (p = ۰.۰۰۱), and homeostasis model of insulin resistance index (p = ۰.۰۰۱) concentrations in all vit D, O۳, and vit D + O۳ supplemented groups compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, in comparison with the placebo group, a significant increase was observed in serum sex hormone binding globulin levels after vit D, O۳, and vit D + O۳ treatments. Nevertheless, no significant changes were observed in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and anthropometric indices in all treated participants. Conclusion: The current study indicated that single dose and co-supplementation of vit D and O۳ for ۸ wk was associated with beneficial effects on serum triglyceride, TC, insulin, and sex hormone binding globulin concentrations among women suffering from PCOS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome, Vitamin D, Omega-۳ fatty acid, Insulin, Sex hormone-binding globulin., سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک, ویتامین D, اسید چرب امگا ۳, انسولین, گلوبولین متصل شونده به هورمون جنسی.