M. Mashayekhi
M.J. Fadaee
J. Salajegheh
E. Salajegheh

A two-stage optimization method is presented by employing the evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) and ant colony optimization (ACO), which is called ESO-ACO method. To implement ESO-ACO, size optimization is performed using ESO, first. Then, the outcomes of ESO are employed to enhance ACO. In optimization process, the weight of double layer grid is minimized under various constraints which artificial ground motion is used to calculate the structural responses. The presence or absence of elements in bottom and web grids and also cross-sectional areas are selected as design variables. The numerical results reveal the computational advantages and effectiveness of the proposed method.

double layer grids; topology optimization; earthquake loads; ant colony optimization; evolutionary structural optimization