Firoozeh Kermani - Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Tahereh Shokohi - Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Mahdi Abastabar - Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Lotfollah Davoodi - Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Shervin Ziabakhsh Tabari - Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center of Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Rozita Jalalian - Department of Cardiology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Shirin Mehdipour - Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Roghayeh Mirzakhani - Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Background and Purpose: Candida endocarditis is an infrequent disease with a high mortality rate, which commonly occurs in immunosuppressed patients with cardiac valve replacement. We reported a ۷۰-year-old woman diagnosed with Candida prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). This study also involved a review of all published cases of Candida PVE from ۱۹۷۰. Case report: Herein, we reported a ۷۰-year-old woman with the history of severe mitral stenosis and myelodysplasia syndrome. She underwent mitral valve replacement for two times. The blood cultures were positive, and phenotypic identification of the isolates at the species level was performed based on microscopic and macroscopic characteristics. In the second prosthetic valve replacement, huge fungal white and creamy vegetation was observed which was identified as Candida albicans based on the conventional and molecular methods. Despite the administration of antifungal treatments, the patient passed away probably due to the multidrug-resistant Candida PVE. Conclusion: As PVE is a late consequence of prosthetic valve replacement, extended follow-up visits, early diagnosis, repeating valve replacement surgeries, and timely selective antifungal treatments are warranted. Keywords: Amphotericin B, Antifungal resistant, Azoles, Candida endocarditis, Multi-drug resistant, Myelodysplasia syndrome, Prosthetic valve replacement

Amphotericin B, Antifungal resistant, Azoles, Candida endocarditis, Multi-drug resistant, Myelodysplasia syndrome, Prosthetic valve replacement