Hamid Staji - Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Alfreda Tonelli - Istituto ‘‘G. Caporale’’, Campo Boario, ۶۴۱۰۰ Teramo, Italy.
Taghi Zahraei Salehi - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mariangela Iorio - Istituto ‘‘G. Caporale’’, Campo Boario, ۶۴۱۰۰ Teramo, Italy.
Federica Lopes - Istituto ‘‘G. Caporale’’, Campo Boario, ۶۴۱۰۰ Teramo, Italy.

Introduction: In Iran, invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease causes severe bacteremic illness among children <۵ years old. The global yearly incidence of iNTS disease in children was reported to be in the ۳.۴ (range  ۲.۱-۶.۵) million cases,  (overall incidence ۴۹ cases (range ۳۰-۹۴) per ۱۰۰,۰۰۰ population), the iNTS case-fatality ratio (CFR) of ۲۰% yielded ۶۸۱,۳۱۶  deaths annually. Methods: The microarray analysis enables identification of the strains that have the ۹۰kb Salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid, presence or absence of the Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs), adherence factors and other  virulence determinants. Twelve isolates of S. typhimurium obtained from faeces of children with gastroenteritis were analyzed  by microarray technique. Results: The virulence plasmid was present in ۸۳.۳۳% of isolates and all the isolates contained the  SPI-۴ and SPI-۵. None of the strains had the cytolethal distending toxin, cdtB. All strains were positive for rck and mig-۱۴. The adherence genes were present in all the strains in the range of  ۵۱.۵۵%  to ۷۳.۲۰% of the adherence genes interrogated in the  microarray. Two strains were the least pathogenic S. typhimurium. Conclusion: Microarray analysis proved to be a valuable tool in confirmation of serotyping results and genetic characterization of S. Typhimurium.

Salmonella typhimurium, Gastroenteritis, Microarray Analysis