Kasra Behrouznasab - Department of microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Razavi - Department of parasitology, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Fatollah Fathalian - Department of microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Hassan Seirafi - Department of Dermatology, Tehran Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran.
Taher Nejadsattari - Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran
Nima Mohammadi - Young Researchers and Elites club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Atypical Mycobacterium granulomatous skin infections are often accured by Mycobacterium marinum, M. ulcerans, M. fortuitum, and M. avium colonies. Skin infections probably originate from an environmental source such as contacting with aquatic animals, fish farming and swimming in the pools, and inoculate into skin through skin wounds, scratches, trauma, and surgery. The lesions appear as purple papules, nodules in hands and feet, plaque blisters wart ulcers and markers transmission (sporotrichosis) in the path of lymph nodes. They have granulomatous accumulation with giant cells, and abscess pus appears, and sometimes in the form of ulcerative. Infection is limited to the skin, while in immunosuppressed cases it would be able to infect the whole body. To determine if Mycobacteria were present in granulomatose skin lesion, a total of ۵۸ paraffine embedded tissue blocks were obtained and their DNA was extracted. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the HSP-۶۵ gene. PCR amplification demonstrated the presence of Mycobacterium spp.  In ۱۸ blocks (۳۱%).  Among these ۱۸ blocks, ۸ (۴۴%) were positive for M. marinum, ۳ (۱۷%) for M. ulcerans, ۵ (۲۷%) for M. fortuitum and M. chelonae, and ۲ (۱۲%) for M. avium. We conclude that Mycobacteria ought to be considered in the treatment of skin granulomas in Iran.

Mycobacterium marinum, Granuloma, PCR, HSP-۶۵