Hiyam AL-Hasnawi - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
Amir Jalali - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
Rana Mousa - Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq

Background and Aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the joints. Interleukin-۱۰ (IL-۱۰) is an important immunoregulatory cytokine involved in regulating the immune response and inflammation. Polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-۱۰ can affect the expression of the gene. This study aims to investigate the association of human IL-۱۰ rs۱۸۰۰۸۹۶ (-۱۰۸۲ A/G), rs۱۸۰۰۸۷۱ (-۸۲۴ C/T), and rs۱۸۰۰۸۷۲ (-۵۹۷ C/A) promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to RA in the Iraqi women population. Methods: Here, ۲۸۰ RA female patients who referred to the AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Karbala, Iraq between November ۲۰۲۲ to April ۲۰۲۳, and ۱۲۰ healthy age-matched subjects were examined. The two groups were genotyped for rs۱۸۰۰۸۹۶, rs۱۸۰۰۸۷۱, and rs۱۸۰۰۸۷۲ by tetra-primer ARMS–PCR. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS windows version ۲۵Results: All the genotypes did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) expectations in both groups. No positive association was found between allele and genotype frequencies of three SNPs and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (all p>۰.۰۵). Only the ACC haplotype showed an association with disease susceptibility (p-value=۰.۰۰۰۴).Conclusion: Based on the results, promoter SNPs of the IL-۱۰ gene cannot be used as a suitable marker to determine the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in the Iraqi women population and to prevent its progression.

Interleukin‐۱۰, Promoter, rheumatoid arthritis, SNP, ARMS–PCR