SO Mousavi - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
R Mohammadi - Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
FS Amjadi - Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
S Aghajanpour - Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

Background: The human fallopian tube is an active assembly that undergoes the variation of chemokines. Chemokines are one of the major compartments of immune system. Sperm and fallopian tube interaction in the female reproductive tract has an important role in fertilization, early embryo development, implantation and pregnancy. It was showed that the chemokines including CCLs, CXCLs, CX3CL1 and PPBP have relevance in ovulation, sperm capacitation and fertilization.Objective: To understand further the basis of maternal communication with spermatozoa and the role that innate immune system plays in this interaction, we evaluated the expression of chemokine in fallopian tube cells in the presence of spermatozoa with normal and abnormal DFI compared with control group.Materials and Methods: In this investigation, sperm samples from 20 donors with normal features were collected and classified to two groups of normal and abnormal DFI. The control group was fallopian cells without sperm. Sperms were co-incubated with fallopian cells for 24h. Afterwards, the level of chemokines mRNA expression was compared using Real time PCR Array. The mRNA of chemokines was analyzed in 3 groups (control, normal DFI, abnormal DFI, n=10/per group).We analyzed gene expression of CX3CL1, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13, CCL3, CCL8, CCL11, CCL20, CCL24 and PPBP among chemokines genes. This data was confirmed by q-PCR.Results: Data analysis demonstrate that the expression of chemokines in the presence of sperm decreased compared to control group. Our findings are compatible with previous studies which show that chemokines play fundamental role in the interaction between sperm and female reproductive tract. Generally, the expression of CCLs and CXCLs was lower in the sperm groups than the control.Conclusion: It seems that abnormal sperm DFI is established as a pathogen which leads the decreasing of chemokines in fallopian tubes. Therefore, it can be concluded that chemokines are essential for sperm and fallopian tube interaction. This communication prepared safe environment for important events in fallopian such as sperm preservation, fertilization and so on. Further investigation should be direct on the effect of chemokines rule to clarify optimum fertilization.

Chemokine, Fallopian tube, Sperm, DFI, Fertilization, PCR Array