بررسی میزان خسارت به گندم در اثر نماتد سیستی غلات و مبارزه غیرشیمیایی با آن در استان خوزستان

For assessing crop loss two species of cereal cyst nematodes ( Heterodera avenae and H. filipjevi) and their control on wheat , four experiments were done during 2008-2010 as follows: 1- Assessement of Heterodera filipjevi damage on the different yield components of wheat (cvs. Chamran, Virinak, Yavarus and Behrang), barley ( line WB/19/10 ) and triticale (cv. Juvanilo) and of nematode multiplication rate (RF) was performed in experiments with 12 treatments and 4 replicates under an infested field condition with Pi 9 eggs & J2 / gr of soil in Ramshir region during 2008-2009. The results indicated that the H. filipjevi reduced grain yield, dry biomass, shoot dry weight, plant height and tillering by 40-52, 14-53, 6-69, 8-21 and 10-39 percent respectively. 2- Assesement of H. avenae damage on the different yield components of wheat cvs. Chamran, Virinak, Karkheh and Behrang and of nematode multiplication rate( RF) was performed in experiments with 8 treatments and 7 replicates under an infested field condition with Pi 10 eggs & J2 / gr of soil in Behbahan region during 2009-2010. Experimental design in both trials was completely randomized block design with / without nematicide application(Temik 10 G). The results indicated that the H. avenae reduced grain yield, shoot dry weight and shoot height by 11-21, 5-39 and 6-14 percent respectively. 3- Effect of different ploughing types on population density of H. filipjevi with 5 treatments included 2 dry ploughings in the early of August, 2 wet ploughings in the late of August and fallow treatment as a control with 3 replicates were done in Ramshir region during 2008-2009. There was no effect of ploughing on nematode population. 4- Effect of different planting dates on population density of H. filipjevi on wheat with 3 treatments included 15 days, one month earlier than conventional planting time and conventional planting as a control with 3 replicates were done in Ramshir region during 2008-2009. Treatments of one month and 15 days earlier than control increased grain yield, shoot dry weight and shoot height 362, 323, 191 and 371, 319, 187 percent respectively.