بررسی ترجیح غذایی سرخرطومی حنایی خرما، ‭Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliv‬، روی ارقام خرمای ایران در شرایط صحرایی و آزمایشگاهی

Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivo (Col.: CurcuJionidae), is one of the most important pests of different palms in Asia, North Aftica an~ Spain. At present, it is an internal quarantined pest in Saravan region (Sistan & Balouchistan province), Iran. I Several investigations were caried out on the food preference ofRPW on 8 date palm varieties includings MazAfati, Rabbi, Halileh, Zardan, Pimazoo, Estarneran, Shahani, Mordarsang and a native wild palm (Nannorrhops ritchiana (Grift) Aitch.). during 1999-2001 in Saravan region. Based on the field studies in the infested date palm groves, the most infested date palm varieties was Mazafati. Young palms between 5-20 years old were the m~st susceptible date palms to RPW. The attractiveness of volatile chemical components of wild palms to RPW was significantly less than other date palm varieties. Mazafati and Pimazoo were more attractive to RPW than the other varieties. The life span ofRPW was maximum in Zardan (108 days) and minimum in Mazafati (81.5 days) under the field conditions, while RPWs couldn't complete its life cycle wild palm. Based on the laboratory studies, larval mortality maximum: and minimum were in Zardan and Estamaran. respectively. The highest pupal mortality was recorded 100010, which found in wild palm. The maximum and minimum of adult emergence percentage Jere observed for Mazafati and wild palm, respectively. The highest and lowest larval feeding fr~m date palms vascular tissues were recorded in wild palm and Halileh, respectively, while increase of larval weight was significantly low in the wild palm. ECI (Efficiency of Conversion on Ing~ted food) was maximum in Halileh (2.41%) and minimum in wild palm (0.89%). The highest daily oviposition and hatching rate were recorded for Mazafati, while the lowest daily oviposition and hatching rate were observed in Zardan and Pimazoo, respectively. . Based on varieties grouping, wild palm was introduced as ~ resistant plant to RPW. Resistance rate decreased for Zardan. Pimazoo, Mordarsang, Shahani, Rabbi, Estamaran, Ha1ileh and Mazafati, respectively and Maz.afati and Halileh were the most susceptible rarieties to RPW. To determine the effect of food ingredients on RPW vital, qualifications, Vascular tissues of different varieties of date palms were analysed and humidity, cnide fibre and ash, total sugar and fat and 12 feeding elements were measured. Analysis of resultsi indicated that most effective food ingredients in RPW development were calcium and sugar. Sugar was correlated with growth and decreases mortality, while increasing of calcium clearly inhibited RPW growth