Three Planar Symmetry of Hip, Knee and Ankle Joints’ Moments during Running

Symmetry and asymmetry are introduced as maincritical challenges of human movement. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate three planar symmetry of Hip, Kneeand ankle joint’s moments during. Methods: 28 regularrunner (age: 34.75±6.63year) participated in this studyvoluntarily. Running at constant speed was conducted byeach subject at 2/5 m.s-1 on treadmill while kinematic andkinetic data were captures at 150 Hz and 300 Hz,respectively. The internal joint moments in each plane wererepresented in the joint-coordinate system and werecalculated using a standard inverse-dynamics approach andwere normalized by the subject’s body mass as well asrunning cycle over 101 time points. The homogeneity ofvariances assumptions of the dependent variables were testedusing the Leven’s test. Independent t tests were conducted toexamine the symmetry of hip, knee and ankle momentsduring running using SPSS ver. 22 (p<0.05). Results: resultsof the independent t test showed no significant differencebetween peak moments of lower joints in every three plane.Highest value of the peak moments in sagittal, frontal andtransvers plane were derived in (knee, ankle, Hip), (hip, knee,ankle) and (knee, ankle, hip) respectively. Conclusion:symmetry exists in lower joints three planar moments duringrunning at the constant speed. According to the resultsdominant and non- dominant lower joints play propulsive andabsorbent roles cooperatively.