Detection of Antimicrobial Drug Residues in Poultry Products by Four-Plate Test Method in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province

Objectives: Despite the benefits of antibiotics, their residues in foodstuffs prepared for human consumption could be cancerous and mutagenic and cause allergic reactions with toxic side effects, disorders in intestinal wall, adverse effects on microbial intestinal flora, and the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the residual antibiotics in liver and muscle tissues of poultry samples using the four-plate test (FPT) method in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province.Materials & Methods: A total of ۶۴۰۶ samples were randomly collected from liver and muscle tissues of ۳۲۰۳ poultry samples from June ۲۰۱۶ to March ۲۰۱۷. Antibiotic residues were detected in liver and muscle samples using the four-plate test (FPT) method.Findings: During a two-year study period, from a total of ۶۴۰۶ samples collected, ۳۲۰۳ (۵۰%) samples were collected from liver tissues, and ۳۲۰۳ (۵۰) samples were collected from muscle tissues of poultry samples, respectively. Among the liver and muscle samples, ۱۲ (۳۸۴/۳۲۰۳) and ۶.۴% (۲۰۶/۳۲۰۳) were positive for the presence of antibiotic residues, respectively. According to the seasonal distribution of muscle samples, the highest rate of antibiotic residues was detected in the autumn with ۳ % (۹۵/۳۲۰۳), while the lowest rate was observed in the winter with ۰.۲۵% (۸/۳۲۰۳) for both bacteria under study (Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus). According to the seasonal distribution of liver samples, the highest rate of antibiotic residues was detected in the autumn with ۵% (۱۵۹/۳۲۰۳), while the lowest rate was observed in the spring with ۱.۱% (۳۵/۳۲۰۳).Conclusion: In conclusion, a large number of liver tissues collected from poultry samples were contaminated with antibiotic residues, especially at pH=۶ and in the autumn season. Therefore, it is recommended to implement appropriate strategies for managing and controlling the use of antibacterial agents in the veterinary industry. Also, it is necessary to monitor the withdrawal time of antibiotics and screen the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in poultry products including liver, egg, and meat.