Are Serum Levels of F۲-Isoprostane and Oxidized-LDL Related to Vitamin D Status in Type ۲ Diabetic Patients? A Case-Control Study

Background: Considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress affects diabetes mellitus (DM) and contributes to its complications. Vitamin D has been shown to possess antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the association between serum levels of calcifediol (۲۵-OH-D), an indicator of vitamin D status, and lipid profiles with oxidative stress in patients with type ۲ diabetes mellitus (T۲DM). Methods: In this case-control study, ۵۷ T۲DM patients with low vitamin D status (< ۳۰ ng/mL) and ۴۸ T۲DM patients with normal vitamin D status (> ۳۰ ng/mL) were enrolled. Fasting concentrations of ۲۵-OH-D, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA۱c), F۲-isoprostane, and oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were measured. Results: The mean fasting serum concentrations of ۲۵-OH-D, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with low vitamin D status were significantly lower than in controls (p < ۰.۰۰۱). The mean concentrations of ox-LDL, F۲-isoprostane, total cholesterol, and LDL were significantly higher in patients with low vitamin D status than in controls. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D levels and F۲-isoprostane (r = ۰.۶۴۷and P = ۰.۰۰۰۱), LDL (r = -۰.۲۱۸ and P = ۰.۰۳۰), and ox-LDL (r = -۰.۶۳۷ and P = ۰.۰۰۰۱). Conclusions: The results of present study indicated that serum concentrations of ۲۵-OH-D were inversely correlated with F۲-isoprostane, LDL, and ox-LDL. Therefore, vitamin D may have a beneficial effect on the control of lipid profiles and oxidative stress in T۲DM patients.