Sapoviruses: A review

Sapoviruses (formerly known as Sapporo-like viruses) cause gastroenteritis in children and adults. These viruses are mainly transmitted directly through person-to-person and fecal-oral contact. Indirect transmission of Sapoviruses is also possible through food and water or contaminated surfaces. Symptoms of sapovirus infection appear as symptoms of common viral gastroenteritis, which is mainly diagnosed by diarrhea and vomiting. Diarrheal is slightly watery and non-bloody, which is distinguishable from some intestinal bacterial infections. Outbreaks of sapovirus have been reported in various locations including schools, child care centers, and long-term care centers for the elderly, and hospitals. Due to the use of contaminated water in the cultivation or irrigation of raw products (such as oysters and fresh products), sapoviruses may enter the food during production. Necessary measures to prevent the spread of these viruses include: observing the principles of hygiene and proper hygiene, regular hand washing, disinfection of the environment, proper excretion of feces or vomit, and limited contact with ill persons.