Optimization of Energy Storage System based on Demand-Side Management Frameworks in the presence of Renewable Resources

Storage systems grow increasingly in restructured power systems such as micro-grid. Increasing charge rates and storage capacity and falling prices are the reasons for this. The optimal storage capacity is one of the most challenging issues in the design of micro-grids. The optimum storage capacity can be a function of the price of electricity, transmission capacity, local load size and behavior, and the cost of the battery. In this paper, the optimization of energy storage systems for demand side management of the grid connected AC / DC active micro-grids with power transmission constraints has been addressed. The objective function includes the annual net income of the grid, with the decision variables power production, battery power and the constraint of transmission line capacity, with regard to the variable price of electricity and local load response. Simulations were presented in three scenarios. The optimization results show the amount of energy consumed by the load is inversely related to the annual net income of the microgrid, and thus, the load response can increase the income of the microgrid. The results also indicate that the increase in the range of electricity prices will increase the revenue of the grid.