Chondrosarcoma of Mandible: A Rare Case Report

Introduction:   Chondrosarcomas (CS) are malignant mesenchymal tumours with cartilaginous differentiation that rarely affects the maxillofacial region. It accounts for approximately ۱۰-۲۰% of malignant bone tumours.  The CS is rare in occurrence with aggressive course with high malignant potential, and poor prognosis. Case Report: Here we report a rare case of a ۳۷year old female presenting tumoral mass in the lower jaw, for the past ۳ years, which was gradually progressive in nature with an area of skin ulceration. The CT revealed a well- defined lesion with soft tissue component measuring ۱۵x۱۲x۱۰ cm in size infiltrating both right and left masseter. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of grade IIICS. Considering the size and aggressive nature of the lesion, surgical resection was done. The reconstruction of the mandible was done with vascularised fibula pedicle flap to achieve acceptable cosmesis. The patient was discharged uneventfully. Though few cases of high grade CS have been reported in literature but CS of this enormous size has not been reported yet. Conclusion: In this case report we documented the management of a relatively rare but challenging reconstructive maxillofacial surgery.  Since in this case the CS was enormous in size and aggressive surgery was required, the cosmetic and functional outcomes were challenging. In our case report we have found that a vascularised fibula pedicle flap gives a good functional and cosmetic outcome and can be used for reconstruction of complete mandible.