Biomedical Scope of Gold Nanoparticles in Medical Sciences; an Advancement in Cancer Therapy

Nanotechnology is a vast and fast emerging area of scientific research studies resolving several complications related to conservative medication therapies, including underprivileged water solubility, absence of capability to target the problematic cancerous cells in individual bodies, common spreading, universal poisonousness as well as weak therapeutic capabilities. Nanoparticles are developing attractive vital tool of recent investigative studies in all scientific areas of research, particularly in nano scale sciences. Biomedical scope of nanoparticles, specifically of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), especially in cancer therapy is remarkably encouraging through results of modern scientific research studies from all over the world. As per as their biocompatibility and nontoxicity, Surface Plasmon Resonance improved their light absorption and scattering properties. Surface Plasmon Resonance also has improved their capability for conversion of absorbed light in localized heat to make the GNPs extra appropriate, for example, as locating agents for photo-thermal cancer therapy and drug delivery sites. Because they target the cancerous cells as well as infected cells for either actively or passively which cause the thermal ablation of these cells. Furthermore, advanced surface-volume ratio of GNPs assists in activation of their open surface with ligands to target cancerous and infected cells precisely as well as with compatible polymers which makes the GNPs additional appropriate in internal body applications. In this review, we have mainly focused on prospective uses of the GNPs in cancer therapy, concluding that the GNPs are the best drug carrier for cancer treatment and play a most significant role.