The effects of personalized sprint interval training and combined aerobic endurance and resistance training oninsulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin in women with type ۲ diabetes

Background and aims: Exercise training is a well-established therapeutic tool for treating type ۲ diabetes. The purpose of this study is toexamine the beneficial effects of personalized sprint interval training (SIT) and combined aerobic endurance and resistance training (Com)on insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin A۱c (HbA۱c) concentration in women with type ۲ diabetes.Methods: Fifty-two overweight female type ۲ diabetic patients (age ۴۵-۶۰ years and body mass index [BMI] > ۳۰) with HbA۱c value of۶.۵% or higher and fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ ۱۲۶ mg/dL (۷.۰ mmol/L) were selected. Participants were recruited from patients filed inthe outpatient department of Shahrekord Hospital (Shahrekord, Iran) in ۲۰۱۶. The participants were assigned to SIT (n = ۱۷), Com (n = ۱۷),and control groups (n = ۱۸) according to HbA۱c levels. The exercises included ۱۰ weeks of Com and SIT.Results: HbA۱c concentrations decreased significantly in SIT (P = ۰.۰۰۲) and Com (P = ۰.۰۰۶) groups. The dependent t-test revealed thatdifferences were significant for the FBG in the SIT groups (P < ۰.۰۰۱). Serum insulin levels showed significant increases in the SIT (P < ۰.۰۰۱)and Com (P < ۰.۰۰۱) groups. Data showed significant differences in homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)in SIT (P < ۰.۰۰۱) and Com (P < ۰.۰۰۱) groups. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test showed significant differences in serum insulin(F = ۳.۶۲۲, P = ۰.۰۲) and HOMA-IR (F = ۵.۵۱۱, P = ۰.۰۰۰۱) levels and no significant difference in HbA۱c (F = ۰.۵۹۷, P = ۰.۵۵۶) and FBGconcentrations (F = ۱.۸۵۳, P = ۰.۱۷۱).Conclusion: Results highlight that individualized exercise training, independent of the mode of training, is effective in improving glycemiccontrol in overweight patients with type ۲ diabetes.