Moving Target Localization and Tracking By Doppler Radar Array Using NLLS Estimation

In this paper, we analyzed the method of moving target localization and tracking using an array of limited number of simple Doppler radar sensors. By applying a strategy that uses both time and space diversity, we defined a nonlinear least squares (NLLS) problem to estimate the moving target parameters. The classic Newton's algorithm and the new meta-heuristic Wild Horse Optimizer (WHO) are used to solve the NLLS problem. Simulations show that when the sensors measure both the absolute value and the sign of the Doppler frequency, the Newton's method has satisfactory accuracy and computation time, but when the sensors measure only the absolute value of Doppler, the WHO is much more accurate than the Newton's method at the cost of more computation time.