Early development of the Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii, Dybowski, ۱۸۷۷): a remarkable invasive species in Eurasia

 To investigate the ontogeny of Perccottus glenii, embryonic, larval and juvenile development of P. glenii were examined under captive condition. The fertilized eggs with numerous oil droplets were orange-pink in color, prolate spherical in shape and had average length of ۳.۳۲±۰.۱۴ mm and width of ۱.۲۴±۰.۰۴ mm. From fertilization to hatching, the ontogenesis of the fish spent more than ۲۰۰ h, and the process of embryonic development was divided into ۲۵ stages based on the morphological characteristics. The newly hatched larvae, with well-developed swim bladder and pectoral fins, measured ۵.۰۷±۰.۱۸mm in total length. Initial feeding occurred at day ۲ after hatching (AH) and the complete absorption of yolk sphere was observed ۳ days after hatching. At day ۴۰ AH, scales and vertical pigment were found to be appear. Scales covered the entire body and all fins were well developed ۷۰ days AH, at which time the juveniles reached the young stage with a total length (TL) of ۲۴.۷۴±۴.۲۸ mm. At day ۱۴۰ AH, The fry with a TL of ۲۹.۵۷±۴.۶۵ mm, were morphologically similar to the adults except for size.