Anticancer activity of n-hexane extract of Cichorium intybus on embryonal carcinoma P۱۹ cells

Circhorium intybus (chicory) commonly known as chicory is a member of the family Asteraceae. It has been known for various pharmacological activities and anticancer effects against various cell lines including breast cancer MCF-۷, prostate cancer LNCaP, renal adenocarcinoma ACHN and lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells. In the present study, C.intybus leaf samples were collected, identified, soaked in n-hexan non polar solvent, filtered and evapored till the extract residue was isolated, dried and stored at ۴°C and then checked for cytotoxic activities on embryonal carcinoma P۱۹ cell lines as a cancer stem cells. Extracts were added to the cultured cells in various concentrations (۱۰, ۲۰, ۴۰, ۸۰, ۱۶۰, ۳۲۰, ۶۴۰, ۱۲۸۰ and ۲۵۶۰ μg/ml) and incubated for ۴۸, ۹۶ and ۱۴۴h. MTT assay and Trypan blue exclusion assay were carried out to analyze cell prolifereation and cell viability respectively. The IC۵۰ of C.intybus extract obtained for the P۱۹ cell line were determined as ۱۱۵۶,۱۹۵ and ۶۱۳μg/ml after ۴۸ h, ۹۶ and ۱۴۴h of treatment which indicate weak cytotoxic activity on P۱۹ cell, however it is less toxic to the L۹۲۹ normal cells (IC۵۰ >۲۵۶۰ μg/ml).