Effect of unripe fruit extract of Momordica charantia on total cholesterol, total triglyceride and blood lipoproteins in the blood of rats with hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. In this study, the effects of an unripe fruit extract of Momordica charantia on total cholesterol, total triglyceride and lipoproteins in the blood of mice with hyperlipidemia were investigated. In this study, ۲۸ adult male Wistar rats weighing ۲۱۰ to ۲۵۰ g were selected and randomly divided into four groups of seven. One group was on a normal diet and the other groups were fed a high-fat diet for ۸ weeks to develop hyperlipidemia. Experimental groups in this study were included group ۱: control, oral administration of normal food without any drugs or extracts. Group ۲: hyperlipidemia mice, feeding with normal food. Group ۳: hyperlipidemia mice with a diet containing ۴%. Group ۴: hyperlipidemia mice with a diet containing ۸%. The animals were fed by gavage at a dose of ۴% and ۸% of M. charantia powder solution for ۱۵ days. Blood samples were taken and the level of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were measured enzymatically. The amount of low-density lipoproteins was calculated by Friedewald's formula. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance. Experimental results showed that immature fruit powder of M. charantia quarantine significantly reduced serum triglycerides in group ۸% mice fed rats fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, immature fruit powder of M. charantia increased the level of high-density lipoproteins. There was a statistically significant difference between the level of cholesterol and the level of low-density proteins (LDL). The highest reduction belonged to the group receiving immature powder. The results of the experiment showed that the unripe fruit extract of M. charantia has strong antilipidemic effects on rats fed with a high-fat diet.