Bioinformatics investigation of human genes expression to bacterial meningitis pathogenesis

Introduction: The most common bacteria that cause bacterial meningitis are Neisseria meningitis,Streptococcus pneumonia, Listeria monocytogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli.Meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis are all life-threatening symptoms of Streptococcus pneumonia infection,which is one of the most common bacterial causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Bacteria enter theCSF in the subarachnoid space via crossing the blood–CNS barrier (either the blood-brain barrier throughthe brain parenchymal microvasculature or the blood–CSF barrier through the choroid plexus or the pial orarachnoidal microvasculature) or from a nearby infection site. The goal of this study was to figure out whichgenomic pathways and hub genes were turned on during bacterial meningitis.Method and material: GSE۴۰۵۸۶, a microarray dataset, was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) There are ۲۲ bacterial meningitis samples and ۱۸ control samples in this collection. The transcriptomeanalysis console (TAC) was used then utilized to normalize and assess the genes with differential expression(DEGs). DEGs between normal and BM samples were chosen based on adjusted p-value (FDR) -< ۰.۰۵ and|log۲ FC|>-۲. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and visualization were created using String, Cytoscape, andGephi, respectively.Results: DEGs were obtained for ۶۲۴ genes (۳۱۶ upregulated, ۳۰۸ downregulate). Our research identifiedfive hub genes, namely, IL CD۴ (T-cell surface glycoprotein cd۴), CD۸A (T-cell surface glycoprotein cd۸alpha chain), KCNA۳ (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member), ITGAM (integrin alpha-M),and LCK (Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck). Furthermore, the results of the KEGG pathway analysis revealedthat these genes were enriched in significant pathways Th۱ and Th۲ cell differentiation, T cell receptorsignaling pathway, and Hematopoietic cell lineage.Conclusions: In conclusion, the findings of this study may aid in the development of new targets formedication discovery and therapy of bacterial effects