Synthesis of New ۱,۳-Oxazole and ۱,۳-Thiazole Derivatives with Expected Biological Activity

The novel compounds were prepared to start from cephalexin in this work. It was converted into five-membered rings (۱,۳-oxazole and ۱,۳-thiazole). The cephalexin was reacted with ethanol absolute and hydrochloride at first to obtain compound (۲), and in the second step, compound (۲) reacted with thiourea to obtain a compound (۳), then compound (۲) reacted with urea to obtain a compound (۴); when compound (۴) was reacted with ۴-phenyl phenacyl bromide, we got ۱,۳-oxazole derivative from this reaction, also when compound (۳) reacted with ۴-phenyl phenacyl bromide in the presence of absolute ethanol, we got ۱,۳-thiazole derivative. The melting points of the synthesized compounds were recorded, the purity was checked by TLC, and the structures of the prepared compounds were identified by FT-IR and ۱H-NMR spectra. The biological activity of these compounds was tested.