Ninhydrin complex of copper on magnetic graphene oxide as a selective, practical,and recyclable nanocatalyst in C-C and C-O coupling reactions

Herein, magnetic Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using nickel magnetic nanoparticles (NiMNPs) and further copper catalyst was stabilized on its surface. The catalytic application of this catalyst (Cu-Ninhydrin@GO-Ni MNPs) was investigated in the synthesis of biphenyls and diaryl ethers. This nanocatalysthas been characterized by SEM, EDS, WDX, AAS, TGA, XRD, FT-IR, N۲ adsorption–desorption isothermsand VSM techniques. The VSM curve of this catalyst indicate that it can be recovered by an external magnet;therefore, it can be recycled for several runs without significant loss of its catalytic activity. Heterogeneity andstability of this nanocatalyst was studied by hot AAS technique and filtration test.