Diagnosis of Osteoporosis from the Point of View of Bone Fluid, Recent Advances with STE-MRI

Background: Bone quality is usually assessed through the bone mineralisation process, which however offers an incomplete view on the quality of the bone .project proposes to utilize cortical bone free water, a richer source of information on bone porosity. The purpose of our study was to uses short echo time (TE) pulse sequences to quantify bone water T۱ and to obtain information about bone microstructure and timely evaluation of osteoporosis[۱,۲].Method: This article is a type of review article, which has been written after searching in reliable sites such as Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Schoolar by selecting ۴۰ selected articles from among ۵۰ selected articles.Result: It has been found that the large pores of human cortical bone (more than ۰.۰۰۰۰۰۳ m) are filled with fluid, largely composed of water, suggesting that cortical bone free water can be used as a reliable surrogate measure of bone mineral density. Research has shown that there is a significant relationship between increasing age and the amount of free water relaxation time in the bone cortex. So that with increasing age, the duration of comfort in open water increases and they showed that T۱ is a reliable indicator of cortical porosity and age-related deterioration (r۲ = ۰.۷۳, p < ۰.۰۰۰۱)[۳,۴].Conclusions: According to all the studies, calculating the amount of T۱ of free water in the bone cortex can be a new method to evaluate bone quality in osteoporosis. This method can increase the quality of middle age and reduce mortality due to the disease by early diagnosis of this disease.