Investigating the Predictive Factors of Hypoparathyroidism after Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review

Introduction: One of the most common surgeries performed worldwide is thyroidectomy, the most common of which ishypoparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism can be transient or permanent. Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is a major factor inregulating calcium, and small changes in PTH levels alter calcium levels within minutes. Therefore, hypocalcemia may occur after thyroidectomy. This study looked at the predictive factors of hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.Methods: In the present systematic review study, all quantitative articles related to the purposes of the study and published from ۲۰۱۵ to ۲۰۱۹ were reviewed. Searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were performed using keywords for predictive factors, hypoparathyroidism, and thyroidectomy and their synonyms. In total, ۳۸۱۱ titles were initially identified with the described search strategy. From among these articles, ۲۰ articles were selected, and by removing poor quality articles, eight articles were finally studied in terms of content.Results: Hypoparathyroidism is common after thyroidectomy. The main role of PTHs is in the regulation of calcium. Calcium deficiency at the blood level is threatening and can lead to chronic kidney disease, kidney stones and myocardial dysfunction.Therefore, measuring serum PTH immediately after thyroidectomy and the identification of patients at risk can reduce the risk of hypocalcemia by prescribing calcium and active vitamin D.Conclusion: predictive factors of hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy are important because of the role of PTHs. According to findings, measuring serum calcium, iPTH, and phosphorus the day after surgery, reducing the duration of surgery and female gender are among the predictive factors of hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.