Men’s gender attitudes and their fertility intentions in Tehran

Background: Total fertility rate has fallen below the replacement level in ۲۰۰۶ in Iran. In family demographic research, gender attitude is considered as an affecting factor to understand low fertility intention. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between men’s gender attitudes and their fertility intention.Methods: The data were drawn from a survey entitled "Married Lifestyle and its Determinants in Tehran City in ۲۰۱۵" using multi-stage cluster sampling method and a structured questionnaire. ۶۱۸ married men were selected with wives aged between ۱۵ to ۴۹ years. Crammers V estimate and logistic regression were used in bivariate and multivariable analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version ۲۲.۰.Results: The results showed that ۲۴۹ (۴۰.۳%) of the men in Tehran had egalitarian gender attitudes and ۱۴۱ (۲۲.۸%) of them had traditional gender attitudes. The mean number of intended children in traditional men was ۲.۱, but ۱.۶ in egalitarian men. Multivariate logistic regression showed that gender attitudes had a significant impact on the intention to have a(nother) child only in one-child men. The odds ratio of intention to have a(nother) child was lower among egalitarian men (OR=۰.۲۷۱, P=۰.۰۱۶).Conclusion: Men’s gender attitudes on their fertility intention vary across parities. In one-child men, egalitarian gender attitudes are related to low fertility intention.