Analysis of non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of elemental impurities in vitamin C supplements

سال انتشار: 1402
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 185

فایل این مقاله در 12 صفحه با فرمت PDF قابل دریافت می باشد

استخراج به نرم افزارهای پژوهشی:

لینک ثابت به این مقاله:

شناسه ملی سند علمی:

JR_IJBMS-26-2_011

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 8 دی 1401

چکیده مقاله:

Objective(s): Elemental impurity exposure that may occur in the use of supplements has the potential to pose a risk to human health. Vitamin C supplements are among the most commonly used supplements on a daily basis and in the long-term due to the pharmacological properties of vitamin C. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the non-carcinogenic health risk of elemental impurities that may cause contamination in orally administered vitamin C supplements.Materials and Methods: Ten elemental impurities (Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Co, V, Ni, Cr, Sb, and Sn) in ۱۲ supplements were analyzed using ICP-MS. The estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) values of elemental impurities were calculated for non-carcinogenic risk assessment. Cancer risk (CR) was additionally calculated for elemental impurities with carcinogenic properties detected in the samples.Results: Low levels of Cr and Hg were detected in some samples. While the HQ values of sample ۱, sample ۲, sample ۸, and sample ۹ for Hg were calculated as ۰.۰۵۴, ۰.۰۹۶, ۰.۰۶۴, and ۰.۰۸۶, respectively, the HQ values of sample ۵, sample ۱۰, and sample ۱۱ for Cr were calculated as ۰.۰۱۱, ۰.۰۱۷, and ۰.۰۱۴, respectively.  Since only Hg or only Cr was detected in samples with elemental impurity, the HI values in the samples are the same as the HQ values. Since the HQ and HI values calculated from the samples are not≥۱, there is no elemental impurity at a level that will hazard human health through supplement use. Other carcinogenic elements were not detected in the samples except Cr. In sample ۵, sample ۱۰, and sample ۱۱, the CR values for Cr were ۱.۷۶۷.۱۰-۵, ۲.۵۷۱.۱۰-۵, and ۲.۰۸۹.۱۰-۵, respectively. In probability simulation, while HQ and CR values of Cr did not exceed the allowable value, the HQ level for Hg in the ۹۵% slice was higher than the allowable value.Conclusion: There is no risk to human health and there is no critical difference between the supplements considering the elemental pollutant content among the vitamin C supplements of different trademarks. However, in order to keep the Hg level, which has a potential risk capacity, at low limits, it is recommended that the necessary risk-reducing measures be taken by the authorities and further studies be carried out.

نویسندگان

Fadime Canbolat

Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey

مراجع و منابع این مقاله:

لیست زیر مراجع و منابع استفاده شده در این مقاله را نمایش می دهد. این مراجع به صورت کاملا ماشینی و بر اساس هوش مصنوعی استخراج شده اند و لذا ممکن است دارای اشکالاتی باشند که به مرور زمان دقت استخراج این محتوا افزایش می یابد. مراجعی که مقالات مربوط به آنها در سیویلیکا نمایه شده و پیدا شده اند، به خود مقاله لینک شده اند :
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Protocol for the intake assessments ...
  • Atalay D, Erge HS. Gıda takviyeleri ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. ...
  • Lykkesfeldt J,Poulsen HE. Is vitamin C supplementation beneficial? Lessons learned ...
  • Ugur H, Eker S, Çatak J, Yaman M. Vitamin C ...
  • Padayatty SJ, Sun H, Wang Y, Riordan HD, Hewitt SM, ...
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Vitamin and mineral requirements in human ...
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Tolerable upper intake levels for ...
  • Filipiak-Szok A, Kurzawa M, Cichosz M, Szłyk E. Elemental analysis ...
  • Li G, Schoneker D, Ulman KL, Sturm JJ, Thackery LM, ...
  • Wollein U, Bauer B, Habernegg R, Schramek N. Potential metal ...
  • Balaram V. Recent advances in the determination of elemental impurities ...
  • USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency). Reference Dose (RfD) ...
  • ۱۸.USP (United States Pharmacopeia). <۲۳۲> elementel impurities-limits. Elementel impurities update ...
  • Barin JS, Mello PA, Mesko MF, Duarte FA, Flores EM. ...
  • EMA (European Medicines Agency). ICH guideline Q۳D (R۱) on elemental ...
  • USP (United States Pharmacopeia). <۲۳۲> elementel impurities- procedures. <۲۳۲> elementel ...
  • Rudovica V, Viksna A, Actins A. Application of LA-ICP-MS as ...
  • Figueiredo A, Costa IM, Fernandes TA, Gonçalves LL, Brito J. ...
  • Su C, Zheng N, Gao Y, Huang S, Yang X, ...
  • Pinheiro FC, Barros AI, Nóbrega JA. Elemental impurities analysis in ...
  • Amariei S, Gutt G, Oroian M. Study on toxic metal ...
  • Ćwieląg‐Drabe M, Piekut A, Szymala I, Oleksiuk K, Razzaghi M, ...
  • Pirsaheb M, Hadei M, Sharafi K. Human health risk assessment ...
  • Geronimo AC, Melo ES, Silva KR, Pereira HS, Nascimento VA, ...
  • Adusei-Mensah F, Essumang DK, Agjei RO, Kauhanen J, Tikkanen-Kaukanen C, ...
  • Rojas P, Ruiz-Sánchez E, Ríos C, Ruiz-Chow Á, Reséndiz-Albor AA. ...
  • Onyele OG, Anyanwu ED. Human health risk assessment of some ...
  • Shomar B, Rashkeev SN. A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic ...
  • Gu X, Zhu S, Yan L, Cheng L, Zhu P, ...
  • Harmanescu M, Alda LM, Bordean DM, Gogoasa I, Gergen I. ...
  • Finley BL, Monnot AD, Paustenbach DJ, Gaffney SH. Derivation of ...
  • Korkmaz C, Ay Ö., Çolakfakioğlu C, Cicik B, Erdem C. ...
  • Thompson CM, Kirman CR, Hays SM, Suh M, Harvey SE, ...
  • Saper RB, Phillips RS, Sehgal A, Khouri N, Davis RB, ...
  • Stern AH. A quantitative assessment of the carcinogenicity of hexavalent ...
  • Onuoha SC, Anelo PC, Nkpaa KW. Human health risk assessment ...
  • Zuo TT, Qu HR, Jin HY, Zhang L, Luo FY, ...
  • Luo C, Sun J, Tan Y, Xiong L, Peng B, ...
  • Schlueter AK, Johnston CS. Vitamin C: Overview and update. J ...
  • Bandara SB, Towle KM, Monnot AD. A human health risk ...
  • DeStefano AJ, Zaidi K, Cecil TL, Giancaspro GI. Elemental Impurities-Information. ...
  • Bolan S, Kunhikrishnan A, Seshadri B, Choppala G, Naidu R, ...
  • Tschinkel PF, Melo ES, Pereira HS, Silva K, Arakaki DG, ...
  • Werdemberg dos Santos LC, Granja Arakaki D, Silva de Pádua ...
  • نمایش کامل مراجع