Alkaline Phosphatase Localization in SpermatogonialS tem Cells and Embryonic S tem Cells and Its AssociationWith Lin۲۸ and Sall۴

Objective: Alkaline phosphatases (AP) are a group of enzymesthat hydrolyze phosphate-containing molecules under alkalineconditions. AP activity is an accepted marker for pluripotents tem cells. It has been shown that maintaining AP activity in theformation and maintenance of cells with cloning potential andself-renewal of undifferentiated embryonic s tem (ES) cells arepositively correlated. Lin۲۸ and Sall۴ proteins are expressedin tes ticular gonocytes as a transcription factor. They are expressedin germ cells and have different roles in maintaining theproliferation and differentiation of ES cells.Materials and Methods: In the following paper, we examinedthe AP expression in Spermatogonial s tem cells and ES cellswith Alkaline phosphatase assay, and the expression of Lin۲۸ and Sall۴ with real-time and Fluidigm polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and PPI network analysis.Results: This experiment and inves tigation showed that AP ispositively expressed in spermatogonial s tem cells and ES cells.Its expression is reduced and negatively expressed in differentiatedcells. Also, Lin۲۸ and Sall۴ have a positive and significantexpression (P value <۰.۰۵) in these two cell populationsand negative expression in differentiated cells. Also, these twogenes, which were selected based on a direct effect on the regulationof AP expression, play a role in regulating spermatogenesisand each other's expression.Conclusion: AP, Lin۲۸, and Sall۴ have a positive expressionin spermatogonial s tem cells and embryonic s tem cells and canbe used as markers for embryonic and germ cells. They are alsoinvolved in regulating spermatogenesis