The Translation Strategies of Proper Nouns in Novels

Proper nouns play an essential role, especially in literary texts, and in this regard, Nord (۲۰۰۳) argues that everything is different and the challenges are not so straightforward in fiction. Therefore, the translator must pay close attention to their translation. There is no unanimity among translating academics regarding the translatability or untranslatability of proper names making their translation a challenging issue for translators. To address the issue, this study aims to apply Fernandes's (۲۰۰۶) and Farahzad's (۱۹۹۵) model of translation techniques for proper nouns in English-to-Persian novels. The data for this study will be gathered from Emma, Persuasion, and Mansfield Park by Jane Austen and then will be examined in accordance with the translation procedures of proper names.