The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Aggression, Mind Rumination and Self-Control

Mindfulness training optimally has positive effects on cognitive, emotional and behavioral processes. In mindfulness training, experiencing pure reality is taught which means mindfulness training helps one to find the here and now without judgment and to accept whatever is happening in each moment without any comment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on aggression, mind rumination, and self-control in female students with low academic performance. This research adopted an applied and true experimental design with pre-test/post-test and a control group and the data were analyzed quantitatively. The statistical population included all female students of the Junior high schools in Tabriz with low academic performance in the academic year of ۲۰۲۱-۲۲, estimated as ۸۳۹۵ people. First, through multi-stage cluster sampling, district ۱ was selected from among the ۵ educational districts of Tabriz and then three schools were selected from this district. Afterwards, through simple random sampling, ۵۰ people were selected and randomly assigned to two groups with ۲۵ participants as the experiemental and control groups. The experimental group received the intervention program of mindfulness training for ۸ sessions of ۲ hours while the control group continued its traditional method. The tools used to collect data included a self-control questionnaire (Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, ۲۰۰۴), the aggression questionnaire (Buss & Perry, ۱۹۹۲), and the mind rumination questionnaire (Nolen-Hoeksema, & Morrow, ۱۹۹۱). For data analysis, in addition to descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test, multivariate analysis of variance test (MANOVA),