Investigating the methods of extracting valuable elements from used lithium-ionbatteries

The use of lithium-ion batteries in consumer electronics and electric vehicles is growing rapidly, and naturally, the increase in demand for lithium-ion batteries will be accompanied by an increase in the supply of mineral reserves of valuable metals, including cobalt and lithium. On the other hand, the supply scenario of lithium metal from mineral reserves will not be able to meet the market demand inthe next few years. Therefore, battery recycling as a secondary production source not only reducesenergy consumption but is also a necessity to eliminate the pollution of toxic and organic compoundsin these batteries. In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the methods of recycling and recovery of valuable metals of cathode active materials such as cobalt, lithium, aluminum, andmanganese in used lithium-ion batteries. These methods are divided into pre-purification andpurification methods, where physical methods are mostly used as pre-purification and chemicalmethods are usually used as purification and post-purification. Most of these methods are presented in a combined form for higher and better recovery of valuable metals, and the technologies and theircombinations are mentioned in this research .