Modeling and simulation of a Fuel cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle and the explanationof its hydrogen consumption and costs

In the past decade, with the rise in the number of vehicles, the consumption of fossil fuels hasincreased and this has led to an increase in pollutants. As a result Hybrid Vehicles have started toenvolve that in combination with internal combustion engine and battery, the amount of fuelconsumption of vehicles decreases. In this evoulutionary process, Electric vehicle have also started tospread. Electric Vehicles have been devided into Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) and Fuel CellVehicles (FCV). Battery Electric Vehicles are associated with some problems such as Battery life andcost. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a promising candidate for transportationapplications. Fuel Cell Vehicles have some advantages that are low operating temperature, high powerdensity, high efficiency and zero emissions. However they have slow transient response, regenerativeenergy during brakes cannot be absorbed and hydrogen costs are high. In order to overcome the abovementionedproblems either a battery or an ultrcapacitor or both of them are used in a vehicle. In thispaper a Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle has been modeled and its hydrogen consumption and costhave been discussed.