Digital soil mapping of Maniyari Basin using Geospatial Techniques

Background and objective: Remote sensing image data are often used as input in digital soil mapping (DSM). DSM nowadays is very popular rather than conventional soil maps it is an important tool in soil survey and sustainable agriculture planning. Spatial distribution of soil information in each pixel using laboratory observation data of soil samples plays an important role. The purpose of this study is to prepare a digital soil map using remote sensing.Materials and methods:  Ninety soil samples were collected at a depth of up to ۵۰ cm from various Physiography land units made with the help of the basis of slope and Land use Land cover (LULC) as well as physiography. Sentinel ۲ satellite data (۱۰ m.) and Aster DEM (۳۰ m.) have been used to prepare the digital soil map. Soil samples were analyzed to determine the Macro (N, P, and K) Micro (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, S, and Br) Nutrients and Some Physico (Texture, Bulk density, depth) Chemical Properties (pH, EC, and OC).Results and conclusion: Six textural classes identified were sandy clay loam and sandy clay, clay, clay loam, loam, and sandy loam. The bulk density, and the depth varied from ۱.۰۸ to ۱.۸ Mg m-۳, and ۱۴ to ۹۰ cm. respectively. The pH, EC, and OC are varied from ۵ to ۸.۳۶, ۰.۱ to ۱.۲ ds/m, and ۰.۰۳ to ۱.۴۷ respectively. Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium(K) varied from ۱۲۵ to ۴۷۶ kg/ha., ۴.۴۴ to ۷۷.۷۸ kg/ha, and ۷۹.۶ to ۵۰۴ kg/ha respectively. The digital soil database along with all its properties called a physiographic soil map which has been prepared with the help of the inverse distance weightage (IDW) interpolation method, which will help to select crops and get the best sustainable cultivation.