Nanoparticles labeled with anticancer monoclonal antibodies: A Systematic Review

In terms of mortality, cancer is the second most common disease in the world. The effectiveness and safety of many current treatments have been questioned. Thus New therapeutic approaches are required due to the complexity of cancer. Traditional drugs are associated with severe adverse effects, but nano-drug therapeutic systems have shown their efficacy as selective treatments. Nanotechnology offers more specific drug delivery with fewer side effects. Nanotechnology's goal since its inception has been to develop effective and reliable systems for precise anticancer therapy . Both in vitro and in vivo, bio-conjugation strategies of therapeutic agents loaded nanoparticles with monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated to be effective for this purpose. Not only do these drug carriers transport antibodies to tumors without affecting normal tissues, they also protect cytotoxic drugs from degradation, extend cytotoxic agents' half-life, increase their payload, lower their toxicity and reduce renal clearance. A search on PubMed and web of science databases was performed. The strategy for literature search was represented by “((nanoparticle* and cancer and monoclonal antibody*))” on Pubmed.gov and “nanoparticle* and cancer and monoclonal antibody*” on web of science. A reference chain search was conducted, and inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. year of publication filter was applied for ۲۰۱۷-۲۰۲۳ interval of time. The studies selected from both databases were only original articles. Reviews and meta-analyses were excluded. Duplicated papers were also removed. Further analysis of the abstract and full text was conducted. The original articles which did not focus on our topic were excluded. Our search found ۱۷۴ articles in PubMed and ۱۳ articles in web of science. A total of ۱۸۳ articles were excluded because they did not meet our inclusion criteria. On the whole, ۳ articles were included. Numerous antigens on cancer cells made them an appropriate target for using monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy. According to difficulties in delivering monoclonal antibodies to cancer cells, monoclonal antibody-conjugated nanoparticles were developed. several types of these nanoparticles are constructed. This approach experimentally, demonstrated an increase in cellular uptake and cell apoptosis. Also, prevention of instant elimination and subsequently delivering sufficient dose to the tumor was acknowledged. Therefore, antibody-conjugated nanoparticles will show improved therapeutic application.