Comparison of herbal and chemical preservatives used in the formulation of creams

Nowadays, due to the side effects of chemical preservatives, researchers are looking for a suitable alternative. In this research, Tea tree essential oil (Melaleuca alternifolia), Calendula ethanol extract (Calendula officinalis L.) and Gotu kola dry extract (Centella asiatica), were used as preservatives in the repairing cream formulation, which have antimicrobial activity. Then, the effect of preservatives in the formulation of creams containing herbal ingredients was compared to chemical preservatives, including methylparaben and propylparaben. The preservative effect of creams against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. niger was evaluated according to antimicrobial effectiveness testing from USP reference. The creams were assessed for ۲۸ days. According to the products of the second group of the pharmacopeia, on the ۱۴th day, the decrease was not less than ۲ logs; on the ۲۸th day, no increase was observed. Our studies showed the effectiveness of the antimicrobial herbal ingredients in the formulated cream. Pass the USP standard, and a cream containing chemical preservatives. It is suggested to use herbal preservatives in the formulation of products, especially medicinal and cosmetic creams.