Adequacy Assessment of the Power Systems Containing Combined Heat and Power Plants

In recent years, energy efficiency and related solutions to enhance the efficiency of power plants have been the focus of attention. For this purpose, the combined heat and power (CHP) plants are increasingly used to generate the required electrical and thermal powers, simultaneously. On the other hand, the reliability of the power system has become one of the important studies of the power system, so that today the consumers expect the electricity provided them with least possible interruption. For this purpose, in this paper, the reliability of the power system including CHP plants from adequacy point of view is evaluated. To study the effect of the CHP units on the adequacy indices of the power system, a reliability model is developed for CHP units that considers both the failure of composed components and the effect of this unit from thermal power generation point of view. To consider the heat generation of the CHP units in the related reliability model, a four-state reliability model is developed for each unit based on the electrical and thermal power of the CHP plant. In this paper, the reliability modeling of different CHP technologies including the CHP units based on the gas turbine, reciprocating engine, micro-turbine, steam turbine, and fuel cell is studied. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed model, the adequacy assessment of the Roy Billinton test system (RBTS) and IEEE reliability test system (IEEE-RTS) including the CHP units is performed and the impact of the CHP units on the reliability indices is evaluated